Research

The following features are currently experimental and under research and initial implementation:

Economic spam resistance

We aim to enable an incentivised spam protection technique to enhance Relay by using Rate Limit Nullifiers (RLN). In this advanced method, peers are limited to a certain messaging rate per epoch, and an immediate financial penalty is enforced for spammers who break this rate. You can find more details in the RLN Relay blog post.

We have prepared a PoC implementation of this method in JS: https://examples.waku.org/rln-js/

Prevention of denial of service (DoS) and node incentivisation

Denial of service signifies the case where an adversarial peer exhausts another node's service capacity (e.g., by making a large number of requests) and makes it unavailable to the rest of the system. RnD on DoS attack mitigation can be tracked from here: https://github.com/vacp2p/research/issues/148.

In a nutshell, peers have to pay for the service they obtain from each other. In addition to incentivising the service provider, accounting also makes DoS attacks costly for malicious peers. The accounting model can be used in Store and Filter to protect against DoS attacks.

Additionally, along with RLN, this gives node operators who provide a useful service to the network an incentive to perform that service. Read more here: https://vac.dev/building-privacy-protecting-infrastructure

You can also read more about the ongoing challenges the Waku team is working on here: https://github.com/waku-org/research